Express Entry

Express Entry Program

The Federal Government of Canada chooses skilled immigrants as permanent residents based on their ability to settle and take part in the Canadian economy. This point-based system manages how people with skilled work experience apply to immigrate to Canada. The province of Quebec has separate programs and those intending to live in Quebec should not apply under the Express Entry program. 

To clarify, the Express Entry program is a pre-screening exercise to select applicants who have a high score based on the weighted factors in the selection criteria before considering them for certain immigration programs. These Federal programs are: Federal Skilled Worker, Federal Trade Worker, and Canadian Experienced Class.

Most provinces also have Provincial Nominee – Express Entry programs based on the Express Entry score and/or their own selection criteria.

When considering any of these programs, applicants have to complete an online Express Entry profile and provide information about their skills including education, work experience, language ability and other details that will help in evaluating their chances of immigrating to Canada under these programs.

Those who meet the criteria of one of these three Federal Immigration programs get accepted into a ‘Virtual Basket’ called pool of candidates. The applicants are then ranked within this pool of candidates and given a score using a point-based system called the Comprehensive Ranking System, using the information provided in their profile. Keep in mind that applicants must have their original IELTS General Score card and their Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) report from an agency approved by Refugee, Citizenship, and Immigration Canada (RCIC) while creating their profile.

The government makes frequent draws from this pool and only the candidates with the highest scores in the pool are issued an Invitation to Apply in the programs in which they are eligible. Those who are invited have 60-90 days to submit their permanent resident application for Canada.

You can get points depending on 3 kinds of programs:

Federal Skilled Worker

Federal Trade Worker

Canadian Experienced Class

Federal Skilled Worker Program – FSW

If you are invited to apply under the Federal Skilled program, you have to provide all supporting documentation that leads to prove that you get a minimum of 67 points out of 100 in the Federal Skilled program criteria.

The minimum pre-requisites or minimum requirements to qualify under this program are as follows:

  1. You should have completed a minimum of one year paid, continuous full-time or equivalent part-time in the same job within the last 10 years in a skill type O, A or B of the latest National Occupational Classification (NOC).
  2. Must have received a language test score card with a minimum language level of Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) 7 in speaking, listening, reading and writing from agency approved by Refugee, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (RCIC). Your test results must not be more than two years old at the time you apply for PR.
  3. You must have completed a Canadian secondary school education or post-secondary certificate or diploma or degree. If you have completed education outside of Canada, you must get a report called the ECA (Educational Credential Assessment) report from an agency approved by RCIC. This report must prove that your foreign education is equivalent to a completed Canadian secondary education or post-secondary certificate, diploma or degree.

If you meet all the minimum requirements as stated above, your application will be assessed based on six selection factors in the Federal Skilled Worker program point’s grid.

  1. Your skills in English and/ or French
  2. Your education
  3. Your work experiences
  1. Your age
  2. Whether you have a valid job offer
  3. Your adaptability to settle in Canada
Last but not least, you must also show that you have enough funds to support yourself and your family after you arrive in Canada as per the latest Low Income Cut-offs (LICO) table provided by the government. You are exempted from this requirement if you are currently working in Canada and have a valid job offer from a Canadian employer.

Applicants get 600 bonus points in their profile and make a candidate rank high enough to be invited to apply at the next draw if:

  • They get nominated by a Province of Canada or Territory. The Provincial Express Entry programs may have their own selection criteria and/or may be based on the score you get in the Federal Express entry program profile

In the above situation, the applicant gets 50 bonus points in their profile, which may make a candidate rank high enough to be invited to apply at the next draw if:

  • They get a job offer from a Canadian employer that is supported by the Labour Market Impact (LMIA) and approved by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC).
    • Note: Applicants must register with ESDC’s Job Bank to help with connecting and matching Express Entry candidates with possible Canadian employers.

Applicants can get 200 bonus points in their profile and might make a candidate rank high enough to be invited to apply at the next draw if:

  • They get approved for LMIA exempt work permit in certain programs (for example, Clergy). However, these bonus points will be received only after they get an extension of work permit after one year.

Applicants can get 15 bonus points in their profile if they have completed a 1 to 2 year diploma, degree and/or certificate from a designated learning institute in Canada. Applicants can get 30 bonus points if they have completed a minimum of a 3 year diploma, degree, and/or certificate from a designated institute in Canada.

The government makes frequent draws from this pool and only the candidates with the highest scores in the pool are issued an Invitation to Apply in the programs in which they are eligible. Those who are invited have 60 days to submit their permanent resident application for Canada.

Federal Skilled Trade Program – FST

If you are invited to apply under the Federal Skilled Trade program, there are a set of minimum requirements that need to be met in order to be eligible.

Under the Federal Skilled Trade stream, the minimum requirements for you to be eligible include:

  • Meet the minimum score of Canadian Language Benchmark 5 for speaking and listening, and Canadian Language Benchmark 4 for reading and writing
  • Have at least 2 years of full-time work experience or equivalent part time in a skilled trade within the last 5 years
  • One of the below:
    • Have a genuine full-time valid job offer for a minimum of one year if you are on valid LMIA based work permit in Canada
    • A certificate of qualification in that skilled trade from a Canadian provincial or federal authority.
  • Meet the job requirements of work experience for the skilled trade in one of the following occupations of NOC Type B:
    • Major Group 72: Industrial, electrical and construction trades
    • Major Group 73: Maintenance and equipment operation trades
    • Major Group 82: Supervisors and technical jobs in natural resources, agriculture, and related production
    • Major Group 92: Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators
    • Minor Group 632: Chefs and cooks
    • Minor Group 633: Butchers and bakers

Canadian Experienced Class – CEC

Under Express Entry, there is a provision wherein the Government can decide to draw only those applicants from the pool of candidates who are qualified under Canadian Experience Class (CEC). They can easily do this by changing the hierarchy of the three programs that come under Express Entry and making CEC as the top priority of a particular draw.

Once you are invited to apply under Canadian Experience Class after the initial draw from the Express Entry pool of candidates, the process is similar to a pass or fail system. It does not involve further point based criteria.

The minimum requirements to be qualified under this program are as follows:

  • You must have completed a minimum of 12 months of full-time (or equivalent part-time) eligible skilled work experience in Canada during the last three years at the time you apply
  • You must have gained this experience in Canada while legally working in Canada with authorized work permit.
  • You must have taken a language proficiency test from a Canadian Refugee, Immigration and Citizenship’s approved agency and meet the minimum required score needed for your job level. These requirements are for each of the possible language abilities (speaking, reading, writing and listening). The requirement for jobs in NOC ‘O’ or ‘A’ is Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) 7 and in NOC ‘B’ is CLB 5. This test is valid for 2 years only.

Self-employment or work experience gained while you were a full-time student (for example, on a co-op work term) does not count under this program. Work experience after you received post graduate work permit or after LMIA or other authorized work experience only is eligible (for example on LMIA exempt spousal work permit or NAFTA).

An Education Credential Assessment (ECA) report is not required for this program, only if you have completed a foreign degree or diploma. However, keep in mind that it may be beneficial for enhancing your score while creating your profile for Express Entry.

There are certain requirements that need to be met by the applicant, regardless of what program they have been invited to apply under.

You must not meet any inadmissibility requirements. Inadmissibility could be due to reasons such as below:

  • You are a security risk
  • You have committed human or international rights violations
  • You have been convicted of a crime, or you have committed an act outside Canada that would be a crime 
  • You have ties to organized crime
  • You have a serious health problem
  • You have a serious financial problem
  • You lied in your application or in an interview
  • You do not meet the conditions in Canada’s Immigration Law
  • One of your family members is not allowed into Canada

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